When scientists heard reports that a large, mysterious fish had been caught in Cambodia in 2020, excitement stirred. Could this be the "Mekong Ghost," they asked – an elusive fish that hadn't been seen since 2005 and was feared extinct?
Photos of the fish and its telltale identifiers – an odd-shaped mouth and a protruding knob at its jaw – seemed to confirm it.
But the fish, which can grow as large as 66 pounds, was sold before scientists could get a closer look. It didn't "feel like definitive proof," said Zeb Hogan, a research biologist at the University of Nevada, Reno, and head of the US government-funded Wonders of the Mekong project, an initiative to study and conserve one of the most biodiverse rivers in the world.
Three years later, they struck gold. The researchers published their findings on Tuesday in a study in the Biological Conservation journal.
The team works to protect the Mekong, one of the world's longest rivers and a lifeline to tens of millions of people. It winds through multiple Southeast Asian countries and is extremely rich in biodiversity, but also faces various challenges including hydropower development, overfishing and habitat degradation.
These challenges are why scientists have long worried that the critically endangered giant salmon carp, which can measure up to four feet long, could have been quietly wiped out as years passed without a sighting.
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📸: Chhut Chheana/Wonders of the Mekong
Momentum in sustainable construction is consolidating around measurable outcomes rather than aspirational claims. The European Patent Office renovation near Vienna’s Belvedere Palace demonstrates that circular economy techniques and low embodied carbon materials can achieve BREEAM standards without compromising performance. The use of Holcim’s ECOPact low‑carbon concrete and ECOCycle® technology provides evidence that circular economy in construction and end‑of‑life reuse in construction are commercially viable on complex projects. This exemplifies how life cycle thinking in construction and whole life carbon assessment are converting sustainability rhetoric into engineering practice.
Institutional collaboration is accelerating net zero whole life carbon strategies. Innovate UK’s low‑carbon concrete network has gained major members, signalling convergence towards a shared pathway for decarbonising the built environment. The emphasis on embodied carbon in materials aligns with the UK’s drive for carbon neutral construction and low carbon design that integrates whole life carbon performance and lifecycle assessment into procurement frameworks. Cement, once the sector’s primary emissions challenge, is now becoming central to innovative sustainable material specification and resource efficiency in construction.
The wider policy landscape supports this transition. The UK’s record renewable generation sets new expectations for the energy intensity and environmental impact of construction supply chains. Electrification initiatives in marine and site operations, including the Environment Agency’s zero‑emission workboat on the Thames, present practical progress on carbon footprint reduction and low-impact construction across infrastructure assets. Each initiative strengthens the case for sustainable building practices that balance life cycle cost, functionality, and environmental sustainability in construction.
Sustainable design and eco‑design for buildings are now integrated into major projects, turning the concept of green construction into operational reality. The industry’s focus is shifting towards building lifecycle performance, net zero carbon buildings, and the genuine reduction of the carbon footprint of construction. With governance aligning more closely to whole life carbon accountability and sustainable building design benchmarks such as BREEAM v7, sustainability has evolved into a measurable discipline underpinning every low carbon building.
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