When scientists heard reports that a large, mysterious fish had been caught in Cambodia in 2020, excitement stirred. Could this be the "Mekong Ghost," they asked – an elusive fish that hadn't been seen since 2005 and was feared extinct?
Photos of the fish and its telltale identifiers – an odd-shaped mouth and a protruding knob at its jaw – seemed to confirm it.
But the fish, which can grow as large as 66 pounds, was sold before scientists could get a closer look. It didn't "feel like definitive proof," said Zeb Hogan, a research biologist at the University of Nevada, Reno, and head of the US government-funded Wonders of the Mekong project, an initiative to study and conserve one of the most biodiverse rivers in the world.
Three years later, they struck gold. The researchers published their findings on Tuesday in a study in the Biological Conservation journal.
The team works to protect the Mekong, one of the world's longest rivers and a lifeline to tens of millions of people. It winds through multiple Southeast Asian countries and is extremely rich in biodiversity, but also faces various challenges including hydropower development, overfishing and habitat degradation.
These challenges are why scientists have long worried that the critically endangered giant salmon carp, which can measure up to four feet long, could have been quietly wiped out as years passed without a sighting.
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📸: Chhut Chheana/Wonders of the Mekong
Sustainable construction is moving from exemplar projects to market-wide system design, with clean steel emerging as a critical test for whole life carbon policy. A new study suggests the global shift to low-carbon steel could be achieved without raising consumer costs through a revenue-neutral policy model, strengthening the case for low embodied carbon materials in mainstream procurement.
For contractors, developers and public clients, the issue is no longer whether green building materials can perform, but how governments can de-risk low carbon construction materials, reduce the carbon footprint of construction and support net zero whole life carbon targets without shielding high-emission incumbents.
The UK retrofit agenda is becoming central to environmental sustainability in construction. The National Retrofit Hub’s call for a stronger framework comes as electricity and gas prices begin to decouple, improving the life cycle cost case for heat pumps, energy-efficient buildings and electrified homes.
Retrofit policy now needs consistent standards, skilled delivery capacity and consumer protection, backed by whole life carbon assessment, lifecycle assessment and better evidence on building lifecycle performance. Public support for requiring data centres to share waste heat with nearby homes signals a shift in sustainable urban development, treating rejected heat as green infrastructure rather than waste.
Climate adaptation is also reshaping sustainable building practices. GRAHAM’s appointment to deliver the Oxford Flood Alleviation Scheme highlights rising investment in resilience, while reports of roads melting in eastern England expose the environmental impact of construction decisions based on historic weather assumptions.
The built environment is being asked to cut embodied carbon in materials while improving durability against heat, flooding and infrastructure stress. The strongest response will combine sustainable building design, low carbon design, circular economy in construction, sustainable material specification, environmental product declarations (EPDs) and end-of-life reuse in construction. BREEAM, BREEAM v7 and other performance frameworks are likely to play a growing role as clients demand net zero carbon buildings, resource efficiency in construction and credible carbon footprint reduction across the full asset lifecycle.
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