Exactly 30 years ago today, the worldâs first intergovernmental treaty to address climate change came into force. đ
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was a remarkable achievement for its time. Back in 1994, the science on climate change was far less certain than it is today.
The UNFCCC lifted a line from one of the most successful multilateral environmental treaties in history (the Montreal Protocol, in 1987): it bound member states to act in the interests of human safety even in the face of scientific uncertainty.
Today, we are better off because of it.
Since entering into force on 21 March 1994, the UNFCCC has provided the basis for international climate negotiations, including agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol (1997) and the Paris Agreement (2015).
It has:
â set standards and advanced action on reducing emissions
â accelerated the development and deployment of renewable energy technologies
â mobilized the private sector and individuals to take action
â increased the accountability of those taking #ClimateAction
â helped countries adapt to the effects of climate change
And, perhaps most importantly, the UNFCCC has proven that we can only succeed by working together.
#ClimateLingo
The UKâs ÂŁ300âŻmillion fund for offshore wind and grid networks targets the persistent supplyâchain blockages that slow renewable infrastructure. By increasing port capacity and component manufacturing, it may strengthen the circular economy in construction and reduce the embodied carbon in materials used across major infrastructure projects. A parallel reform of inflationâlinked support payments creates uncertainty for investors, highlighting the tension between financing stability and the drive to decarbonise the built environment.
Real estate and infrastructure developers now face sharper scrutiny under sustainable construction criteria, with whole life carbon assessment and lifecycle assessment becoming standard tools for optimising environmental sustainability in construction.
The EUâs decision to dilute its corporate dueâdiligence directive by removing mandatory climate transition plans erodes a vital mechanism for ensuring environmental product declarations (EPDs) and low embodied carbon materials remain central to supplyâchain accountability. Without this framework, the carbon footprint of construction will rely more heavily on voluntary whole life carbon reporting and investor pressure to advance sustainable building practices and low carbon construction materials.
Chinaâs reported fall in emissions signals a structural turn toward energyâefficient buildings and low carbon building materials, improving the embodied carbon profile of global imports. Such trends point to an emerging market preference for net zero whole life carbon and carbon neutral construction, accelerating ecoâdesign for buildings and resource efficiency in construction.
The intensifying climate risk case reinforces the business imperative for resilient, green infrastructure. As attribution science links extreme weather to global warming, sustainable building design must merge low carbon design with life cycle cost optimisation and adaptive engineering. Procurement and investment decisions increasingly favour contractors with proven expertise in sustainable material specification, circular construction strategies, and endâofâlife reuse in construction. The sectorâs transition to net zero carbon buildings and truly sustainable urban development will depend on life cycle thinking in construction and commitment to longâterm decarbonising the built environment.
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