The World Adaptation Science Programme Science-for-Adaptation Policy Brief on Knowledge Gaps and Policy Needs to Tackle Loss and Damage is the eighth issue in the series published by eight international agencies that form the World Adaptation Science Programme (WASP): UN Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Global Environment Facility (GEF), Green Climate Fund (GCF), the United Nations University (UNU) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The Secretariat of the WASP is hosted at UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya. Loss and damage are increasingly mentioned in National Adaptation Plans and National Determined Contributions, but these documents say little about options to address loss and damage and largely miss non-economic loss and damage. How to avert, minimize and address loss and damage is still in question. This issue of the WASP policy brief discusses the foundation on multiple dimensions of the loss and damage, which is induced by inadequate action on climate change. It seeks to answer the following questions: What is the current state of knowledge and recognition of loss and damage in national policy? What are the key science gaps obstructing the effective implementation climate related loss and damage measures? What are the policy gaps and possible mechanisms to better address observed and projected loss and damage?
The Planning and Infrastructure Act with Royal Assent marks a structural shift in UK sustainable construction. The confirmation of the Nature Restoration Fund embeds environmental sustainability in construction as a financial and design parameter. Developers are being pressed to integrate eco-design for buildings that secure measurable biodiversity gains through sustainable building design and avoid reliance on late-stage offsets. The new framework compels teams to embed life cycle thinking in construction and net zero Whole Life Carbon goals at concept stage, linking green infrastructure and green building materials with demonstrable life cycle cost benefits.
The National Wealth Fund’s £800m guarantee for SSEN Transmission’s northern Scotland upgrade is significant for decarbonising the built environment. Enhanced transmission capacity strengthens the credibility of net zero carbon buildings and all-electric, low carbon design strategies. It enables contractors to adopt resource efficiency in construction through on-site flexibility solutions such as storage and hybrid power. Grid readiness becomes a core marker of low carbon building performance, reinforcing the importance of lifecycle assessment and embodied carbon data in project delivery.
Thames Water’s long-term onshore wind agreement exemplifies carbon footprint reduction at infrastructure scale. This move accelerates a shift towards circular economy in construction, low embodied carbon materials, and the broader application of carbon neutral construction practices across supply chains. Clients expect partners to deliver sustainable building practices that quantify embodied carbon in materials and achieve verifiable net zero carbon outcomes, supported by Whole Life Carbon Assessment and BREEAM or BREEAM v7 certification.
Government rhetoric defining nature as critical national infrastructure is reshaping procurement. Tenders increasingly demand whole life carbon analysis, carbon footprint of construction metrics, and renewable building materials that support end-of-life reuse in construction. The emphasis is on circular construction strategies, sustainable material specification, and building lifecycle performance aligned with whole life carbon baselines. Industry leaders are adjusting to a future where sustainable construction is no longer aspirational but a regulated expectation, reinforcing the commercial case for sustainable design and the Circular Economy.
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