The annual Greening the Blue Report – The UN system’s environmental footprint and efforts to reduce it shows the progress both at the UN system-wide level and entity level of implementing the Strategy for Sustainability Management in the United Nations System 2020-2030, Phase I: Environmental Sustainability in the Area of Management (Sustainability Strategy I). The 2023 edition of the Greening the Blue Report, which provides 2022 data, was published on 21 December 2023. Commenting on the results from the report, António Guterres, UN Secretary-General noted, “The world must work together to address the triple planetary crisis of runaway climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution. We at the United Nations must do our part with advocacy and action. I encourage all UN entities to set an example by greening the blue.” Sustainability Strategy I covers both environmental impact areas and management functions. Highlights of the Greening the Blue Report 2023’s UN system-wide 2022 data results include: Environmental Impact Areas Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) - the UN’s operations and facilities emitted 1.4 million tonnes of CO2eq in total or 4.6 tonnes CO2eq per capita. The UN system’s GHG emissions by source were 38% from air travel, 47% from facilities and 15% from other forms of travel Waste - the average waste generated for the whole UN system was 321 kg/person Water - the average water consumption by the UN system was 49 m3 per UN personnel per year Management Functions Environmental Governance – 7 UN entities have met or exceeded the criteria for implementing an Environmental Management System, with an additional 15 entities approaching the criteria Procurement* – 24 out of 29 organizations implemented formal sustainable procurement policies in their procurement processes Human Resources – 31 entities have environmental training available for their staff Greening the Blue Report 2023 highlights the environmental impacts of over 308,000 personnel in 57 entities across Headquarters, field offices and operations on the ground. The report also includes a case study from a UN entity on each of the environmental impact areas and management functions. To read the whole report and the detailed entity level data, please visit greeningtheblue.org. *Procurement data is taken from the 2022 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement. More information Methodologies and data collection used, please visit greeningtheblue.org/methodology. Methodology related to travel emissions provided by the International Civil Aviation Organisation please visit the ICAO website. For climate neutrality, please visit the UNFCCC website. For more information, please contact: UN Environment Programme E-mail: unepnewsdesk@unep.org
A recent report by BSRIA stresses that construction retrofit projects are consistently underperforming due to overlooked communication with occupants. Insulation and energy-efficient buildings must be matched with clear education on how to use new systems. Success in achieving net zero Whole Life Carbon will depend not only on technical improvements but also on behavioural change. Without this integration, the carbon footprint of construction remains underestimated and long-term targets for decarbonising the built environment are at risk.
The global picture shows slow adoption of credible transition strategies. Fewer than 3% of large companies currently disclose actionable plans, exposing construction firms to reputational and financial risk. Transparent Whole Life Carbon Assessment and lifecycle assessment are no longer optional—they are becoming investor expectations. Firms that demonstrate robust low carbon design and sustainable building practices are best positioned to align future value with climate resilience.
Innovation in retrofit technology is starting to address gaps between safety and sustainable design. New systems such as retrofittable lowering poles reduce reliance on ladders in industrial settings. These solutions highlight the importance of eco-design for buildings, resilient lifecycle performance and Circular Economy strategies that enable safer, faster, and resource-efficient retrofits. Scalable safety innovation sits alongside sustainable construction as an enabler of wider carbon footprint reduction.
Attention is also shifting to water consumption across construction supply chains. Cement, steel, and other materials embody significant hidden impacts. Improving disclosures on Embodied Carbon in materials must be matched with accurate accounting of water risks during material extraction and production. Whole Life Carbon accounting must work in parallel with Life Cycle Costing analysis to avoid overlooking resource efficiency in construction, particularly in regions vulnerable to climate-driven water scarcity.
The UK Government’s new £1.1 billion funding package for decarbonising ports represents investment with long-term implications for sustainable urban development and green infrastructure. While not centred on buildings, the initiative underscores the growing demand for low carbon construction materials and renewable building materials in future marine and coastal development. Green construction strategies applied to port infrastructure will reinforce how the Circular Economy in construction can extend beyond traditional real estate.
Finally, evolving global standards are placing emphasis on human rights, environmental sustainability in construction and supply chain ethics. Rapid growth in renewable infrastructure demands due diligence on labour issues and sustainable material specification. BREEAM, environmental product declarations (EPDs), and end-of-life reuse in construction are tools increasingly tied to ethical sourcing. The link between sustainable building design and social responsibility ensures that low carbon building efforts are matched with credible commitments to people as well as planet.
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