The Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction (Buildings-GSR), a report published by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction (GlobalABC), provides an annual snapshot of the progress of the buildings and construction sector on a global scale. The Buildings-GSR reviews the status of policies, finance, technologies, and solutions to monitor whether the sector is aligned with the Paris Agreement goals. It also provides stakeholders with evidence to persuade policymakers and the overall buildings and construction community to take action. As outlined in this edition, the buildings and construction sector contributes significantly to global climate change, accounting for about 21 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. In 2022, buildings were responsible for 34 per cent global energy demand and 37 per cent of energy and process-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The 2022 update of the Global Buildings Climate Tracker (GBCT) paints a concerning picture: the gap between the current state and the desired decarbonisation path is significant. To align with the 2030 milestone, an annual increase of ten decarbonisation points is now required, a substantial jump from the six points anticipated per year starting in 2015. This year, the deep dive chapters are the following: Adaptation and resilient construction methods; Innovations in business cases as well as Nature-based solutions and biophilic design.
Sustainable construction across the UK is entering a phase of measurable transformation, linking industrial strategy with environmental sustainability in construction and the circular economy. Essity’s £30 million waste‑fibre facility in Northumberland exemplifies how sustainable building design and circular economy in construction are moving from isolated projects into scalable industrial infrastructure. The shift responds to rising expectations for whole life carbon assessment, lower embodied carbon in materials, and transparent environmental product declarations (EPDs). Manufacturers are aligning with new embodied carbon benchmarks to reduce the overall carbon footprint of construction and deliver measurable life cycle cost benefits.
Advances in energy storage, highlighted by the completion of Europe’s largest vanadium flow battery in East Sussex, are enabling net zero carbon buildings and carbon neutral construction. Such developments strengthen low carbon design opportunities where decentralised energy systems underpin net zero whole life carbon targets across the built environment. The emphasis is on lifecycle assessment and building lifecycle performance, integrating renewables with energy-efficient buildings that comply with BREEAM and BREEAM V7 criteria for sustainable building practices.
Investment in redeveloping post‑industrial and coastal sites reflects a clear move toward adaptive reuse, eco-friendly construction, and green construction materials. These projects demonstrate life cycle thinking in construction, prioritising resource efficiency in construction and end‑of‑life reuse in construction. Emerging low carbon construction materials, including green concrete and renewable building materials, are central to reducing embodied carbon while enhancing durability and resilience. Such strategies are defining a new standard for sustainable material specification in sustainable urban development and green infrastructure.
The sector is shifting from incremental improvement to structural change. Integration of circular construction strategies with whole life carbon management is now essential to decarbonising the built environment. Investors and policymakers view sustainable design as both an economic and climate imperative. By embedding eco-design for buildings, low carbon building technologies, and the assessment of environmental impact of construction at every stage, the industry is turning sustainability commitments into operational realities that advance the goal of carbon footprint reduction and low-impact construction.
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