This Preliminary Assessment was prepared by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in response to an official request from the State of Palestine for an assessment of the environmental impacts of the conflict in the Gaza Strip. The Preliminary Assessment provides a summary of what is known about the environmental impacts of the ongoing conflict in the Gaza Strip, including impacts on environmental management and waste disposal systems; energy, fuel and associated infrastructure; destruction of buildings and conflict-related debris; marine and terrestrial environments; and air quality. In addition to describing known, and in many cases visible, environmental impacts, this assessment highlights conflict-related environmental issues that are of serious concern, but about which the United Nations has limited information at this stage. Conflict was ongoing in Gaza throughout preparation of this report: the security situation and access restrictions prevailing in Gaza influenced the type of analysis UNEP was able to undertake. Some conflict-related impacts - such as the likely contamination of soil and the Coastal Aquifer by chemicals and heavy metals - can only be fully understood through more detailed sampling and analysis, which should be undertaken as soon as conditions permit.
The drive to decarbonise the built environment continues to redefine sustainable construction, with pioneering projects demonstrating that environmental sustainability in construction can align with operational excellence. Sweden’s EcoDataCenter 1, operating entirely on renewable energy, has become a model for low carbon design within high-demand infrastructure. Its reliance on hydropower, local solar generation and wind integration shows how data centres can achieve measurable reductions in the carbon footprint of construction when whole life carbon assessment and lifecycle assessment are embedded from outset to operation. The development sets a benchmark for net zero whole life carbon strategies in energy-intensive facilities, redefining expectations for low carbon building performance.
The Urban Land Institute is reinforcing its commitment to decarbonising the built environment through its Randall Lewis Center for Sustainability. The organisation’s new appointments signal a deeper adoption of sustainable building practices that link policy and practical application, promoting whole life carbon and life cycle cost transparency across portfolios. By prioritising embodied carbon in materials and encouraging standardised environmental product declarations (EPDs), the Institute is pushing for data-driven methods of evaluating the environmental impact of construction and improving building lifecycle performance. Such leadership is essential for realising resource efficiency in construction and embedding circular construction strategies as standard business practice.
At Nottingham Trent University, the Bolsover Net Zero Innovation Programme has gained recognition for closing the low-carbon skills gap that hampers large-scale adoption of sustainable design. Its award-winning focus on training demonstrates how universities can advance sustainable building design and eco-design for buildings through collaboration with industry partners. Graduates versed in whole life carbon methodologies and life cycle thinking in construction are already driving innovation in sustainable architecture and low carbon construction materials, delivering the expertise required for truly carbon neutral construction.
Policy undercurrents in Europe are reinforcing accountability. The European Parliament’s decision to reject amendments that could have weakened corporate sustainability reporting obligations represents a safeguard for transparency across the construction supply chain. Such action ensures that sustainable building design and green construction are not reduced to marketing language but instead rest on verifiable data, lifecycle performance, and quantifiable carbon footprint reduction. This political support strengthens the regulatory foundation for achieving net zero carbon buildings and embedding circular economy principles within procurement frameworks.
UK market data reflect a more complex picture. Project approvals and contract awards are slowing, underlining the need for long-term investment and strategic alignment between sustainable material specification, green infrastructure, and circular economy in construction. A decline in projects threatens progress toward low-impact construction and greener supply networks that depend on renewable building materials and low embodied carbon materials. Sustaining momentum toward net zero carbon and carbon neutral construction will require a consistent pipeline that integrates economic planning with environmental goals, ensuring that sustainability becomes a fixed parameter of design, delivery and reuse across the full life cycle of every building.
Whole Life Carbon is a platform for the entire construction industry—both in the UK and internationally. We track the latest publications, debates, and events related to whole life guidance and sustainability. If you have any enquiries or opinions to share, please do
get in touch.